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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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HeartVista rthawk real-time imaging platform
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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MathWorks Inc real time windows target software
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Journal: Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Article Title: Long Non-Coding RNA TUG1 Attenuates Insulin Resistance in Mice with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus via Regulation of the MicroRNA-328-3p/SREBP-2/ERK Axis

doi: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0216

Figure Lengend Snippet: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) binds to miR-328-3p to upregulate sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) expression and enhance pancreatic β-cell viability and insulin secretion. (A) Upstream regulatory lncRNAs of miR-328-3p in human and mice predicted by the starBase database; the two circles in the figure represent the prediction results in human and mice respectively, and the central part represents the intersection of the two sets of data. (B) Binding sites between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 both in human and mice. (C) LncRNA TUG1 expression in the islet tissues of control and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). (D) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay in islet cells transfected with miR-328-3p mimic or negative control (NC) mimic. (E) Binding of miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 to the argonaute 2 (Ago2) antibody determined by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (F) Binding between miR-328-3p and lncRNA TUG1 determined by RNA pull-down assay; BETA-TC-6 cells were transfected with miR-328-3p mimic, overexpression (oe)-lncRNA TUG1 or both. (G) Expression of lncRNA TUG1, miR-328-3p and SREBP-2 in BETA-TC-6 cells determined by RT-qPCR. (H) BETA-TC-6 cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. (I) Flow cytometric examination of BETA-TC-6 cell apoptosis. (J) Total insulin content in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (K) Insulin secretion in BETA-TC-6 cells measured by ELISA. IgG, immunoglobulin G. a P <0.05 vs. islet cells transfected with NC mimic or BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+NC mimic, b P <0.05 vs. BETA-TC-6 cells transfected with oe-NC+miR-328-3p mimic (n=10 for mice following each treatment). Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: After rewarming for 30 minutes, another incubation was implemented with addition of secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) H&L horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (ab6721, 1:200, Abcam) at ambient temperature for 1 hour.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Quantitative RT-PCR, Luciferase, Reporter Assay, Transfection, Negative Control, RNA Binding Assay, Immunoprecipitation, Pull Down Assay, Over Expression, Cell Counting, CCK-8 Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay